Raspberry Pi/Jetson-OLEDサブディスプレイチュートリアル
Jetsonシリーズ メインコントローラー
1、GPIOピン図
0.91インチOLEDを使用してI2C通信機能をテストします。以下の配線で接続してください:
注意: 誤接続やピンショートを起こさないでください。ミスによりマザーボードのハードウェアが損傷する恐れがあります!
2、I2Cテスト
2.1、依存関係のインストール
PowerShell
sudo apt install -y python3-pip
sudo pip3 install smbus
sudo pip3 install Adafruit_SSD13062.2、I2Cデバイス
通常の開発では、I2Cデバイスがマウントされているバスとデバイスアドレスを確認する必要があります。
（1）I2Cバスの確認
ターミナルで以下のコマンドを実行すると、デバイスの全バスを一覧表示できます:
PowerShell
i2cdetect -l（2）I2Cデバイスの確認
ターミナルで以下のコマンドを実行すると、指定バス上のI2Cデバイスを一覧表示できます: oled の I2C アドレスは 0x3c です
PowerShell
i2cdetect -y -r *3、IPアドレスポートの確認
ifconfig を使用してIPアドレスポートを確認します
実際のポートに合わせてコードを変更します
4、実験結果
Oled_i2c.py ファイルを作成します
PowerShell
# (If gedit is not installed) sudo apt install gedit
sudo gedit Oled_i2c.py以下のコードをコピーしてファイルに貼り付け、保存して閉じます
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding=utf-8
import time
import os
import sys
i2c_num = 7
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
if str(sys.argv[1]).isdigit():
i2c_num = int(sys.argv[1])
print("i2c_num=", i2c_num)
passwd = "juxi"
cmd_i2c = "sudo i2cdetect -y -r " + str(i2c_num)
os.system('echo %s | sudo -S %s' % (passwd, cmd_i2c))
import Adafruit_SSD1306 as SSD
from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageDraw
from PIL import ImageFont
import subprocess
class Juxi_OLED:
def __init__(self, i2c_bus=1, debug=False):
self.__debug = debug
self.__i2c_bus = i2c_bus
self.__top = -2
self.__x = 0
self.__total_last = 0
self.__idle_last = 0
self.__str_CPU = "CPU:0%"
def __del__(self):
if self.__debug:
print("---OLED-DEL---")
# 初始化OLED，成功返回:True，失败返回:False
# Initialize OLED, return True on success, False on failure
def begin(self):
try:
self.__oled = SSD.SSD1306_128_32(
rst=None, i2c_bus=self.__i2c_bus, gpio=1)
self.__oled.begin()
self.__oled.clear()
self.__oled.display()
self.__width = self.__oled.width
self.__height = self.__oled.height
self.__image = Image.new('1', (self.__width, self.__height))
self.__draw = ImageDraw.Draw(self.__image)
self.__font = ImageFont.truetype("DejaVuSansMono.ttf",8) # ImageFont.load_default()
if self.__debug:
print("---OLED begin ok!---")
return True
except:
if self.__debug:
print("---OLED no found!---")
return False
# 清除显示。refresh=True立即刷新，refresh=False不刷新。
# Clear the display. Refresh =True Refresh immediately, refresh=False refresh not
def clear(self, refresh=False):
self.__draw.rectangle(
(0, 0, self.__width, self.__height), outline=0, fill=0)
if refresh:
self.refresh()
# 增加字符。start_x start_y表示开始的点。text是要增加的字符。
# refresh=True立即刷新，refresh=False不刷新。
# Add characters. Start_x Start_y indicates the starting point. Text is the character to be added
# Refresh =True Refresh immediately, refresh=False refresh not
def add_text(self, start_x, start_y, text, refresh=False):
if start_x > 128 or start_x < 0 or start_y < 0 or start_y > 32:
if self.__debug:
print("oled text: x, y input error!")
return
x = int(start_x + self.__x)
y = int(start_y + self.__top)
self.__draw.text((x, y), str(text), font=self.__font, fill=255)
if refresh:
self.refresh()
# 写入一行字符text。refresh=True立即刷新，refresh=False不刷新。
# line=[1, 4]
# Write a line of character text. Refresh =True Refresh immediately, refresh=False refresh not.
def add_line(self, text, line=1, refresh=False):
if line < 1 or line > 4:
if self.__debug:
print("oled line input error!")
return
y = int(8 * (line - 1))
self.add_text(0, y, text, refresh)
# 刷新OLED，显示内容
# Refresh the OLED to display the content
def refresh(self):
self.__oled.image(self.__image)
self.__oled.display()
# 读取CPU占用率
# Read the CPU usage rate
def getCPULoadRate(self, index):
count = 10
if index == 0:
f1 = os.popen("cat /proc/stat", 'r')
stat1 = f1.readline()
data_1 = []
for i in range(count):
data_1.append(int(stat1.split(' ')[i+2]))
self.__total_last = data_1[0]+data_1[1]+data_1[2]+data_1[3] + \
data_1[4]+data_1[5]+data_1[6]+data_1[7]+data_1[8]+data_1[9]
self.__idle_last = data_1[3]
elif index == 4:
f2 = os.popen("cat /proc/stat", 'r')
stat2 = f2.readline()
data_2 = []
for i in range(count):
data_2.append(int(stat2.split(' ')[i+2]))
total_now = data_2[0]+data_2[1]+data_2[2]+data_2[3] + \
data_2[4]+data_2[5]+data_2[6]+data_2[7]+data_2[8]+data_2[9]
idle_now = data_2[3]
total = int(total_now - self.__total_last)
idle = int(idle_now - self.__idle_last)
usage = int(total - idle)
usageRate = int(float(usage / total) * 100)
self.__str_CPU = "CPU:" + str(usageRate) + "%"
self.__total_last = 0
self.__idle_last = 0
return self.__str_CPU
# 读取系统时间
# Read system time
def getSystemTime(self):
cmd = "date +%H:%M:%S"
date_time = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True)
str_Time = str(date_time).lstrip("b'")
str_Time = str_Time.rstrip("\\n'")
return str_Time
# 读取内存占用率 和 总内存
# Read the memory usage and total memory
def getUsagedRAM(self):
cmd = "free | awk 'NR==2{printf \"RAM:%2d%% -> %.1fGB \", 100*($2-$7)/$2, ($2/1048576.0)}'"
FreeRam = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True)
str_FreeRam = str(FreeRam).lstrip("b'")
str_FreeRam = str_FreeRam.rstrip("'")
return str_FreeRam
# 读取空闲的内存 / 总内存
# Read free memory/total memory
def getFreeRAM(self):
cmd = "free -h | awk 'NR==2{printf \"RAM: %.1f/%.1fGB \", $7,$2}'"
FreeRam = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True)
str_FreeRam = str(FreeRam).lstrip("b'")
str_FreeRam = str_FreeRam.rstrip("'")
return str_FreeRam
# 读取TF卡空间占用率 / TF卡总空间
# Read the TF card space usage/TOTAL TF card space
def getUsagedDisk(self):
cmd = "df -h | awk '$NF==\"/\"{printf \"SDC:%s -> %.1fGB\", $5, $2}'"
Disk = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True)
str_Disk = str(Disk).lstrip("b'")
str_Disk = str_Disk.rstrip("'")
return str_Disk
# 读取空闲的TF卡空间 / TF卡总空间
# Read the free TF card space/total TF card space
def getFreeDisk(self):
cmd = "df -h | awk '$NF==\"/\"{printf \"Disk:%.1f/%.1fGB\", $4,$2}'"
Disk = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True)
str_Disk = str(Disk).lstrip("b'")
str_Disk = str_Disk.rstrip("'")
return str_Disk
# 获取本机IP
# Read the local IP address
def getLocalIP(self):
ip = os.popen(
"/sbin/ifconfig enP8p1s0 | grep 'inet' | awk '{print $2}'").read()
ip = ip[0: ip.find('\n')]
if(ip == ''):
ip = os.popen(
"/sbin/ifconfig wlP1p1s0 | grep 'inet' | awk '{print $2}'").read()
ip = ip[0: ip.find('\n')]
if(ip == ''):
ip = 'x.x.x.x'
if len(ip) > 15:
ip = 'x.x.x.x'
return ip
# oled主要运行函数，在while循环里调用，可实现热插拔功能。
# Oled mainly runs functions that are called in a while loop and can be hot-pluggable
def main_program(self):
state = False
try:
cpu_index = 0
state = self.begin()
while state:
self.clear()
str_CPU = self.getCPULoadRate(cpu_index)
str_Time = self.getSystemTime()
if cpu_index == 0:
str_FreeRAM = self.getUsagedRAM()
str_Disk = self.getUsagedDisk()
str_IP = "IPA:" + self.getLocalIP()
self.add_text(0, 0, str_CPU)
self.add_text(50, 0, str_Time)
self.add_line(str_FreeRAM, 2)
self.add_line(str_Disk, 3)
self.add_line(str_IP, 4)
self.refresh()
cpu_index = cpu_index + 1
if cpu_index >= 5:
cpu_index = 0
time.sleep(.1)
except:
if self.__debug:
print("!!!---OLED refresh error---!!!")
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
try:
oled = Juxi_OLED(i2c_num, debug=True)
while True:
oled.main_program()
time.sleep(2)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
oled.clear(True)
del oled
print(" Program closed! ")
passプログラムを起動すると、OLEDにCPU使用率、システム時刻、メモリ使用率などのシステム情報が表示されます:
ラズベリーパイ、Orange Pi(香橙派)
1.I2Cオプションを有効にする
ラズベリーパイのシステム設定に入り、選択: 環境設定→Raspberry Pi Configuration→Interfaces→I2Cオプションを見つけて有効化すると、システムが再起動されます。(下図参照)
コマンドモードの場合は sudo raspi-config と入力しても同じオプションが見つかり、I2Cを有効化してシステムを再起動できます。
2.I2Cライブラリのインストール
PowerShell
sudo apt install -y python3-dev
sudo apt install -y python3-smbus i2c-tools
sudo apt install -y python3-pil
sudo apt install -y python3-pip
sudo apt install -y python3-setuptools
sudo apt install -y python3-rpi.gpio
sudo apt install -y python3-venvここではPython3を使用しています。I2Cライブラリをインストールした後、i2cdetectコマンドでディスプレイモジュールが認識されるか確認します
PowerShell
i2cdetect -y 1デバイスがアドレス「0x3c」で検出されたことが表示されます(下図)。このタイプのデバイスのデフォルトは16進数アドレスです。
3.フォントファイルの設定
コードでは DejaVuSansMono.ttf フォントを使用しています:
PowerShell
sudo apt-get install -y fonts-dejavu-coreまたはコードをシステムに既存のフォントに変更します(例: ImageFont.load_default())
4.権限設定
I2Cデバイスファイルの権限が正しいことを確認します:
PowerShell
sudo chmod a+rw /dev/i2c-* # Temporary; for permanent effect, configure udev rules5.IPアドレスポートの確認
ifconfig を使用して実際のIPアドレスポートを確認します
PowerShell
# (If net-tools is not installed) sudo apt install net-tools
ifconfig実際のポートに合わせて、コード内の以下の2つの枠線部分を変更します
6.Oled_i2c.pyファイルの作成
HomeディレクトリにOled_i2c.pyファイルを作成します
PowerShell
# (If gedit is not installed) sudo apt install gedit
sudo gedit Oled_i2c.py以下のコードをコピーしてファイルに貼り付け、保存して閉じます
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding=utf-8
import time
import os
import sys
i2c_num = 7
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
if str(sys.argv[1]).isdigit():
i2c_num = int(sys.argv[1])
print("i2c_num=", i2c_num)
passwd = "juxi"
cmd_i2c = "sudo i2cdetect -y -r " + str(i2c_num)
os.system('echo %s | sudo -S %s' % (passwd, cmd_i2c))
import Adafruit_SSD1306 as SSD
from PIL import Image
from PIL import ImageDraw
from PIL import ImageFont
import subprocess
class Juxi_OLED:
def __init__(self, i2c_bus=1, debug=False):
self.__debug = debug
self.__i2c_bus = i2c_bus
self.__top = -2
self.__x = 0
self.__total_last = 0
self.__idle_last = 0
self.__str_CPU = "CPU:0%"
def __del__(self):
if self.__debug:
print("---OLED-DEL---")
# 初始化OLED，成功返回:True，失败返回:False
# Initialize OLED, return True on success, False on failure
def begin(self):
try:
self.__oled = SSD.SSD1306_128_32(
rst=None, i2c_bus=self.__i2c_bus, gpio=1)
self.__oled.begin()
self.__oled.clear()
self.__oled.display()
self.__width = self.__oled.width
self.__height = self.__oled.height
self.__image = Image.new('1', (self.__width, self.__height))
self.__draw = ImageDraw.Draw(self.__image)
self.__font = ImageFont.truetype("DejaVuSansMono.ttf",8) # ImageFont.load_default()
if self.__debug:
print("---OLED begin ok!---")
return True
except:
if self.__debug:
print("---OLED no found!---")
return False
# 清除显示。refresh=True立即刷新，refresh=False不刷新。
# Clear the display. Refresh =True Refresh immediately, refresh=False refresh not
def clear(self, refresh=False):
self.__draw.rectangle(
(0, 0, self.__width, self.__height), outline=0, fill=0)
if refresh:
self.refresh()
# 增加字符。start_x start_y表示开始的点。text是要增加的字符。
# refresh=True立即刷新，refresh=False不刷新。
# Add characters. Start_x Start_y indicates the starting point. Text is the character to be added
# Refresh =True Refresh immediately, refresh=False refresh not
def add_text(self, start_x, start_y, text, refresh=False):
if start_x > 128 or start_x < 0 or start_y < 0 or start_y > 32:
if self.__debug:
print("oled text: x, y input error!")
return
x = int(start_x + self.__x)
y = int(start_y + self.__top)
self.__draw.text((x, y), str(text), font=self.__font, fill=255)
if refresh:
self.refresh()
# 写入一行字符text。refresh=True立即刷新，refresh=False不刷新。
# line=[1, 4]
# Write a line of character text. Refresh =True Refresh immediately, refresh=False refresh not.
def add_line(self, text, line=1, refresh=False):
if line < 1 or line > 4:
if self.__debug:
print("oled line input error!")
return
y = int(8 * (line - 1))
self.add_text(0, y, text, refresh)
# 刷新OLED，显示内容
# Refresh the OLED to display the content
def refresh(self):
self.__oled.image(self.__image)
self.__oled.display()
# 读取CPU占用率
# Read the CPU usage rate
def getCPULoadRate(self, index):
count = 10
if index == 0:
f1 = os.popen("cat /proc/stat", 'r')
stat1 = f1.readline()
data_1 = []
for i in range(count):
data_1.append(int(stat1.split(' ')[i+2]))
self.__total_last = data_1[0]+data_1[1]+data_1[2]+data_1[3] + \
data_1[4]+data_1[5]+data_1[6]+data_1[7]+data_1[8]+data_1[9]
self.__idle_last = data_1[3]
elif index == 4:
f2 = os.popen("cat /proc/stat", 'r')
stat2 = f2.readline()
data_2 = []
for i in range(count):
data_2.append(int(stat2.split(' ')[i+2]))
total_now = data_2[0]+data_2[1]+data_2[2]+data_2[3] + \
data_2[4]+data_2[5]+data_2[6]+data_2[7]+data_2[8]+data_2[9]
idle_now = data_2[3]
total = int(total_now - self.__total_last)
idle = int(idle_now - self.__idle_last)
usage = int(total - idle)
usageRate = int(float(usage / total) * 100)
self.__str_CPU = "CPU:" + str(usageRate) + "%"
self.__total_last = 0
self.__idle_last = 0
return self.__str_CPU
# 读取系统时间
# Read system time
def getSystemTime(self):
cmd = "date +%H:%M:%S"
date_time = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True)
str_Time = str(date_time).lstrip("b'")
str_Time = str_Time.rstrip("\\n'")
return str_Time
# 读取内存占用率 和 总内存
# Read the memory usage and total memory
def getUsagedRAM(self):
cmd = "free | awk 'NR==2{printf \"RAM:%2d%% -> %.1fGB \", 100*($2-$7)/$2, ($2/1048576.0)}'"
FreeRam = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True)
str_FreeRam = str(FreeRam).lstrip("b'")
str_FreeRam = str_FreeRam.rstrip("'")
return str_FreeRam
# 读取空闲的内存 / 总内存
# Read free memory/total memory
def getFreeRAM(self):
cmd = "free -h | awk 'NR==2{printf \"RAM: %.1f/%.1fGB \", $7,$2}'"
FreeRam = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True)
str_FreeRam = str(FreeRam).lstrip("b'")
str_FreeRam = str_FreeRam.rstrip("'")
return str_FreeRam
# 读取TF卡空间占用率 / TF卡总空间
# Read the TF card space usage/TOTAL TF card space
def getUsagedDisk(self):
cmd = "df -h | awk '$NF==\"/\"{printf \"SDC:%s -> %.1fGB\", $5, $2}'"
Disk = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True)
str_Disk = str(Disk).lstrip("b'")
str_Disk = str_Disk.rstrip("'")
return str_Disk
# 读取空闲的TF卡空间 / TF卡总空间
# Read the free TF card space/total TF card space
def getFreeDisk(self):
cmd = "df -h | awk '$NF==\"/\"{printf \"Disk:%.1f/%.1fGB\", $4,$2}'"
Disk = subprocess.check_output(cmd, shell=True)
str_Disk = str(Disk).lstrip("b'")
str_Disk = str_Disk.rstrip("'")
return str_Disk
# 获取本机IP
# Read the local IP address
def getLocalIP(self):
ip = os.popen(
"/sbin/ifconfig enP8p1s0 | grep 'inet' | awk '{print $2}'").read()
ip = ip[0: ip.find('\n')]
if(ip == ''):
ip = os.popen(
"/sbin/ifconfig wlP1p1s0 | grep 'inet' | awk '{print $2}'").read()
ip = ip[0: ip.find('\n')]
if(ip == ''):
ip = 'x.x.x.x'
if len(ip) > 15:
ip = 'x.x.x.x'
return ip
# oled主要运行函数，在while循环里调用，可实现热插拔功能。
# Oled mainly runs functions that are called in a while loop and can be hot-pluggable
def main_program(self):
state = False
try:
cpu_index = 0
state = self.begin()
while state:
self.clear()
str_CPU = self.getCPULoadRate(cpu_index)
str_Time = self.getSystemTime()
if cpu_index == 0:
str_FreeRAM = self.getUsagedRAM()
str_Disk = self.getUsagedDisk()
str_IP = "IPA:" + self.getLocalIP()
self.add_text(0, 0, str_CPU)
self.add_text(50, 0, str_Time)
self.add_line(str_FreeRAM, 2)
self.add_line(str_Disk, 3)
self.add_line(str_IP, 4)
self.refresh()
cpu_index = cpu_index + 1
if cpu_index >= 5:
cpu_index = 0
time.sleep(.1)
except:
if self.__debug:
print("!!!---OLED refresh error---!!!")
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
try:
oled = Juxi_OLED(i2c_num, debug=True)
while True:
oled.main_program()
time.sleep(2)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
oled.clear(True)
del oled
print(" Program closed! ")
pass7.仮想環境の作成
PowerShell
# Install virtualenv tool (if not installed) sudo apt-get install -y python3-venv
# Create a virtual environment
python3 -m venv oled_env
# Activate:source oled_env/bin/activate # After activation, (oled_env) appears at the command prompt
# Install dependencies in the virtual environment
# Use the Aliyun mirror
pip install Adafruit_SSD1306 -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
# Also install pillow (dependency)
pip install pillow -i https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
# Run the code (must be inside the virtual environment)
# Go to the corresponding simple folder
cd /home/pi/oled-screen/luma.examples/examples
python3 oled_i2c.py # default bus 7
# Or specify a bus (e.g. bus 1)
python3 oled_i2c.py 1
# If a permission error occurs, check the sudo configuration or I2C device permissions公式リポジトリのサンプル
JUXIはOLEDスクリーン用のオープンソースドライバコードを提供しています: GitHub
I2Cドライバのサンプル
bash
sudo apt install -y python3-pip
sudo pip3 install smbus Adafruit_SSD1306python
import Adafruit_SSD1306
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont
# 初始化 OLED (128x32)
disp = Adafruit_SSD1306.SSD1306_128_32(rst=None)
disp.begin()
disp.clear()
disp.display()
# 绘制文字
image = Image.new('1', (disp.width, disp.height))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
draw.text((0, 0), 'Hello Juxi!', font=ImageFont.load_default(), fill=255)
disp.image(image)
disp.display()